Description:
The IoT-Based Load Monitoring System Using ESP32 is an advanced project designed to monitor and control electrical devices in real-time through an Internet of Things (IoT) framework. Leveraging the capabilities of the ESP32 microcontroller, this system integrates relays, current sensors, and a mobile application to manage and oversee the power consumption of connected devices. The primary goal is to ensure efficient power management, prevent overloading, and provide users with remote control capabilities. The system's design includes real-time monitoring of current loads, automated control features, and user notifications, all managed via an intuitive mobile app interface.

Objectives
Real-Time Monitoring: To continuously measure and display the current consumption of up to nine connected devices using a current sensor.
Remote Control: To enable users to turn devices on or off remotely through a mobile application, utilizing MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol for seamless IoT communication.
Overload Protection: To set and monitor threshold values for current consumption, providing warnings when thresholds are exceeded and automatically turning off devices to prevent damage or safety hazards.
User Interface: To design a user-friendly mobile application that allows for easy control and monitoring of devices, and provides real-time feedback on current consumption.
Data Display: To present real-time data and status updates on a 20x4 LCD screen integrated with the system.

Key Features
Nine Relay Control: Ability to control up to nine electrical devices independently through relays, each of which can be switched on or off via the mobile app.
Current Sensing and Monitoring: Utilization of a current sensor to measure the power consumption of each device and display this information in real-time.
Threshold Alerts: Configurable current load thresholds that trigger warnings and automatic device shutdowns to prevent overloading.
Mobile App Integration: A custom mobile application developed for both Android and iOS platforms, offering users control and monitoring capabilities via MQTT protocol.
Real-Time LCD Display: A 20x4 LCD screen to provide immediate visual feedback on the status of devices and current consumption.
Automated Safety Mechanism: Automatic disconnection of all devices if the current load exceeds the set threshold for a specified duration.

Application Areas
Home Automation: Enhancing home automation systems by adding load monitoring and control capabilities to household appliances and devices.
Industrial Monitoring: Implementing load monitoring in industrial settings to manage and control machinery, ensuring safe operation and preventing overloads.
Energy Management: Assisting in energy management and efficiency by providing insights into power consumption and enabling remote control of devices.
Smart Buildings: Integrating with smart building systems to manage electrical loads and enhance overall building automation.
Remote Facilities: Monitoring and controlling electrical devices in remote or hard-to-access locations where direct supervision is not feasible.

Detailed Working of IoT-Based Load Monitoring System Using ESP32

Device Control and Relay Operation:

The ESP32 microcontroller interfaces with nine relays, each connected to a separate electrical device.
The mobile application sends commands to the ESP32 via MQTT protocol to switch relays on or off, thereby controlling the connected devices.

Current Measurement:

A current sensor is integrated into the system to measure the electrical current flowing through each device.
The ESP32 processes this data to calculate and display the current consumption of each device in real-time.

Threshold Configuration and Alerts:

Users can set a threshold current value through the mobile app.
If the current consumption of any device exceeds this threshold, the system triggers a warning.
If the overload condition persists, the system automatically turns off all devices to prevent damage or safety risks.

Data Display:

Current measurements and device status are displayed on a 20x4 LCD screen for immediate visual feedback.
The mobile app also reflects real-time data and device status, providing users with a comprehensive view of the system.

System Integration:

The ESP32 microcontroller acts as the central hub, coordinating between the relays, current sensors, LCD display, and mobile app.
The MQTT protocol ensures reliable communication between the mobile app and the ESP32, enabling real-time control and monitoring.

Modules Used to Make IoT-Based Load Monitoring System Using ESP32

ESP32 Microcontroller Module: Serves as the main control unit for processing data and managing device operations.

Relay Module: Used to control the on/off state of up to nine electrical devices.

Current Sensor Module: Measures the current consumption of connected devices.

20x4 LCD Display: Provides real-time visual feedback on the current status and measurements.

MQTT Protocol: Facilitates communication between the ESP32 and the mobile application for remote control and monitoring.

Components Used in IoT-Based Load Monitoring System Using ESP32

ESP32 Development Board
9 Channel Relay Module
Current Sensor (e.g., ACS712)
20x4 LCD Display Module
Power Supply (for ESP32 and peripherals)
Connecting Wires and Breadboard
Mobile Application (custom-developed)
MQTT Broker (server)
Enclosure (for housing the electronics)

Other Possible Projects Using This Project Kit

Smart Energy Meter: Create an energy meter system that tracks and analyzes energy consumption across multiple devices.

Home Security System: Integrate load monitoring with a security system to alert users about unusual power usage or tampering with devices.

Industrial Equipment Monitoring: Expand the system for industrial use to monitor and control machinery, with additional sensors for temperature, humidity, etc.

Smart Agriculture: Adapt the system for agricultural settings to control and monitor irrigation systems and other electrical equipment.

Remote Site Management: Utilize the system in remote or off-grid locations for managing and monitoring electrical loads with minimal manual intervention.